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main image Bird observatory, Fair Isle, Shetland
In the 1930s, George Waterston conceived of the idea of a bird study centre and hostel at Fair Isle. He bought the island after World War II.

In 1954, it was acquired by the National Trust for Scotland. By this time, the observatory was already up and running. The NTS is one of several membership organisations which own land with a view to conserving its flora and fauna.

Other conservation bodies with reserves include the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, the Scottish Wildlife Trust, the Woodland Trust and, most recently, the John Muir Trust.

Government agencies influence land use through designating Environmentally Sensitive Areas and Sites of Special Scientific Interest, as well as ownership by Scottish Natural Heritage. Local authorities also own and manage land for wildlife conservation purposes.


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