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CULTIVATION
Spade cultivation
Gardens
Rigs and fields
Forestry and other first ploughing
main image Former opencast, Burnside, New Cumnock, Ayrshire
The decline and demise of the deep mining industry in Scotland, depressed agricultural land values and the accessibility of shallow coal seams combined to make opencast coal mining an attractive proposition.

Extensive areas of (mostly) lowland Scotland have been, and continue to be, worked over in this manner. Overburden (the upper layers of soil and rock) is put aside and reinstated once extraction has been completed.

The area in the foreground has been worked in this way. Although some attempt has been made to vary the new topography, all traces of former human activity have been erased from this piece of Scotland.


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