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Situated high above the
west bank of the River Avon about 1km south of Hamilton, Barncluith,
from the Old Scots, 'Baron's Cleugh' (ravine), comprises a picturesque
group of domestic buildings dating from the 16th and 17th centuries
surrounded by some four hectares of landscaped gardens. Stretches
of terraced or 'hanging' gardens ranged across the steep riverside
slopes have their origins in work undertaken by John Hamilton (d.1708)
of Barncluith, 2nd Lord Belhaven, who was influenced by the publication
of John Reid's The Scots Gardn'r in 1683
and by landscape designs at neighbouring Hamilton Palace. By the 19th
century Barncluith had become justly famous as an archetypal old Scots
garden, 'one of the sights of Clydesdale' on the itinerary of every
important visitor to western Scotland. |
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This is an image of a large carved stone armorial
from Hamilton Palace, brought to Barncluith in the 1920s and recently
re-positioned in the eastern boundary wall of the garden. Its precise
provenance is not recorded, but it bears a remarkably close similarity
to the armorial over the chimneypiece in the grand
entrance hall of the 1820s. Surmounted by a ducal coronet and
circled with the motto of the Order of the Garter, 'Honi soit qui
mal y pense' (shamed be he who thinks evil of it), the shield displays
the quartered Hamilton coat of arms. This comprises identical grand
quarters (that is, quarters which are counter-quartered) in the
1st (top left) and 4th (bottom right). Without reference to the
tinctures (colours), the quartering of each of these may be simply
described as containing 1st and 4th, three cinquefoils and 2nd (top
right) and 3rd (bottom left) a lymphad (galley) sails furled. Each
of the identical 2nd and 3rd grand quarters are charged with a man's
heart ensigned with an imperial crown, and on a chief (that is,
the upper part of the quarter) three stars, the background lines
being the heraldic convention for azure (blue). The cinquefoils
are for Hamilton, the lymphad represents the Arran line, and the
2nd and 3rd grand quarters are for Douglas. Carved in bold relief
in the centre is the escutcheon (shield) of Châtelherault containing
three fleur-de-lis.
Barncluith House and gardens were lovingly restored
and extended by a local solicitor, James Bishop, who bought the
estate in 1908 and lived there until his death in 1931. In the course
of this work, he embellished the garden with numerous architectural
fragments, including this armorial, which he, along with many Hamilton
townsfolk, acquired in the 1920s from Hamilton Palace and its demolition
site. Today, the gardens at Barncluith constitute the biggest single
local repository of such carved details and provide the best physical
reminder of the quality and grandeur of the palace's architecture.
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